Welcome to the summer issue of JAFIB. Hope everyone had a chance to enjoy the season and related travels. It has been a very interesting summer for those of us who live in North America with several hot days and unusual cold spurts in between. In this issue of the journal we have several interesting articles presented for your reading. Pickett etal described their experience with capnography in assessing the effectiveness of the PV balloon occlusion during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Their study examines the balloon-to-PV occlusion step and monitors the completeness of occlusion using capnography to measure end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2).