Although there is a plausible scientific basis for the notion that inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system can reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) the greatest benefit was seen in patients with heart failure/left ventricular dysfunction in whom therapy with an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) is probably already indicated. A number of initial studies suggested that ACE inhibitors and ARBs might prevent new onset and recurrent AF. However, the available data do not support the use of these drugs solely for the prevention of AF. I believe that additional prospective definitive trials are needed to clarify the role of ARBs in the prevention of AF recurrence.